PPL ground theory

20170913 Stephen Watson

Visual Navigation

World Aeronautical Chart (WAC)

• Dead Reckoning
  • Constant
    • Power
    • Altitude
    • TAS -> GS
    • Time
• GNSS
• Navaids
  • Aviate, Navigate, Communicate
  • Aviate: Attitude, Lookout, Performance
• Line features
  • Roads
  • Power lines
  • Railway lines
  • Rivers
  • Stock routes
  • Gas pipelines
  • Coast line
• Points
  • Towns
  • Masts
  • Alternating beacons (ABN)
  • Broadcasting stations (BS)
  • Aerodromes
  • Dams and lakes

Planning Chart Australia (PCA)

• Areas for weather briefing
• VHF/HF coverage and frequencies
• Brisbane/Melbourne Centre
• Spot heights

PPL Navigation flights

Abbreviations

• YBAF Archerfield
• DBO Dayboro
• YKCY Kilcoy
• YGYM Gympie
• WTBG Walter-Taylor Bridge
• YCAB Caboolture
• TVT TV Towers

VCA

• Violation of Controlled Airspace
• Brisbane Centre will contact
• Usually allocate transponder code
• Usually provide vector to Class G

Navigation points and aerodromes

• Point
• Full stop or T&G

PPL NAV 01

• Route
  • YBAF - WTBG - DBO - YKCY - YGYM
  • YGYM - YCAB - DBO - TVT - YBAF
• Navigation
  • Northern departure
  • Track to TV Towers
  • Overfly Walter Taylor Bridge (WTBG) then
  • Climb to 1500ft then
  • Turn and track to easternmost point of Lake Samsonvale (Petrie)
  • Climb to Low Levels
  • Turn and track to Dayboro (DBO)
  • Turn and track to Kilcoy (YKCY)
  • Turn and track to Gympie (YGYM)
    • Checkpoint Kilcoy town (immediately after turning)
    • Checkpoint Jimna (to the left)
    • Checkpoint Mt Allan fire tower (overhead)
    • Checkpoint Borumba Dam (to the left)
  • Land at YGYM
  • Track to Caboolture (YCAB)
    • Checkpoint Bruce Highway (to the left)
    • Checkpoint Lake Baroon (to the left)
  • Turn and track to Dayboro (DBO)
  • Turn and track to TV Towers
  • Report inbound at TV Towers
  • Maintain heading to Centenary Bridge
  • Report Centenary Bridge
• Lodge flight plan
  • NAIPS -> Flight Notification -> ICAO
  • Cancel SARTIME by ringing CENSAR before expiry (1800814931)
• Fuel endurance
  • 189L @ 35L/min
  • 324 minutes
• Fuel log
  • 3 columns; UTC+10, UTC, Fuel endurance in minutes
  • Each row is 30 minute interval
  • Cross off each 30 minute row as time elapses
• Workcycle
  • Compass
    • Compass
    • DG
  • Configuration
    • flaps
    • retractable gear
  • Logs
    • fuel
    • nav
  • Engine
    • RPM
    • fuel flow
  • Altimetry
    • terrain
    • cloud base
    • VMC
    • QNH
    • LSALT
  • Radio
    • frequency
    • Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) (transponder)
    • navaids
    • GNSS (GPS mode)
  • Orientation
    • “clock, map, ground”
• 1 in 60
  • correct track error, then closing angle
• Top of Descent planning e.g. landing YGYM
  • ELE 260
  • CCT HEIGHT 1260
  • OVERFLY 1760
  • FINAL 760
  • cruising at 4500
  • lose ~2500ft to OVERFLY
  • 5 min @ 500ft/min
  • TAS ~1.5nm/min, find point ~7.5nm from YGYM
  • Imbil is ~10nm from YGYM
  • report INBOUND
• TODO
  • put labels on A5 sheets that are not easy to immediately identify e.g. maps
  • ERSA FAC in A5
  • Fuel log in A5
  • WAC in A5
  • nav log in A5
  • Pre-calculate 1 in 60 multiplier for known checkpoints on navigation plan
  • Flight Plan save
  • Route study for first nav