Forced Landings

20160507

Considerations

• Glide range (lift:weight)

• Airspeed, 68KIAS best glide

• Wind, moves the radius of available landing area

• Turning loses height

• C172, 1:9 glide at ~500ft/min

Sources of determining wind direction

• low-level cloud

• water lanes on water

• dust and smoke

• ATIS

• drift of aeroplane

• windsock

Field Selection

• Wind

• Obstacles

• Size

• Shape

• Surface

• Slope

• Surrounding

• Sun

• Civilisation

Application

1. Initial actions

• conserve altitude, trim to 68KIAS

• check

  • fuel selector on BOTH

  • fuel valve ON

  • mixture RICH

  • carburettor heat ON

  • throttle CYCLE

  • fuel pump ON

  • magnetos BOTH

2. Plan approach

• select field

• high key point, 2500ft

• low key point, 1500ft

• touch down point, 1/3 of the way into field

3. Trouble checks (optional)

• fuel

• carburettor heat

• fuel mixture

• pressures & temperatures

• switches (magnetos)

• throttle

4. Radio call (see also ERSA on Emergency Procedures)

• MAYDAY (x3)

• callsign (x3)

• situation

• position

  • distance

  • direction

  • altitude

• intention

• other useful information

• set Transponder to 7700

5. PAX briefing

• situation

• seat belts

• brace position

6. Shut down checks

• all systems off

  • fuel valve

  • mixture lean

  • throttle idle position

  • master switch OFF only after flaps

• command PAX unlatch door on final

+--4--HK-2--+    ^
|           |    ^
|           |    |
5           |    |
|           |   Wind
|           |
|           |
LK    +     |
|     |     |
6     |     |
+-----------+